Paula Lozanova: Laser for Hemangiomas and Capillary Vascular Malformations in the Head and Neck Region
Objectives: Vascular lesions of the head and neck have a relatively high incidence. They can be very troublesome to the patient and are often difficult to treat. The use of laser in the management of advanced clinical cases of hemangiomas and capillary vascular malformations in the head and neck can be challenging, but is often the treatment of choice.
Methods: The protocol of treatment consists of both hemostatic and thermal clotting. The light energy emitted by the laser is selectively absorbed by intravascular proteins to heat, aggregate and subsequently damage the vessel, resulting in occlusion and fibrosis.
Results: Treatment settings with pulse durations from 20-25 ms, fluence 120-150 J/cm2, frequency 1.0 Hz and 2-4 mm laser spot are generally required for optimal improvement. Multiple treatments are required.
Conclusions: Significant clinical improvement can be achieved with (Nd:YAG) laser when used transcutaneously and transmucosally. In advanced clinical cases we prefer this treatment, because of its superior efficacy and low prevalence of adverse effects.